Preface
Thank You
About the Authors
Part I: Foundations
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Crime and the Criminal Justice System
Introduction: Making Our Way Through the Criminal Justice System
What Is the Criminal Justice System?
Jennifer Schuett: A Case of Attempted Murder and Rape
Esther Lucero: A Case of Plea Bargains, Incarcerations, and Reentry
Joshua Paul Benjamin: A Case of Sexual Assault
Danny Madrid: A Case of a Gang Member and Attempted Murder
How Does the Criminal Justice System Work?
Crime Definitions Change Over Time
The Criminal Justice System: Purpose and Perspectives
Criminal Justice and Public Policy
Criminal Justice Versus Criminology
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 2: The Nature And Extent Of Crime
Introduction: Why and How Is Crime Measured?
Bureau of Justice Statistics Measurement of Crime
Violent and Property Crime Rates and Trends
Measuring Cybercrime, Terrorism, and White-Collar Crime
Fear and Risk of Victimization
Theory in Criminal Justice
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 3: Criminal Justice and the Law
Introduction: The Development of Law
The Role and Purpose of Law
Evolving Standards and Practices
Critical Thinking Matters
Part II: Law Enforcement
Chapter 4: The History of Policing
Introduction: Policing as a Dynamic Entity
Colonial America and Policing
Advancing Professionalism in Policing: 20th-Century Reform
Unrest in Policing (1960s and 1970s)
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 5: On the Streets: Organization, Responsibilities, and Challenges
Introduction: Contemporary Policing
Intelligence-Led/Evidence-Based Policing
Controversial Issues in Policing
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 6: Police and the Rule of Law
Introduction: The Importance of Justice, Law, and Order
Due Process and Police Activities
Warrant Requirements and Serving Warrants
Critical Thinking Matters
Part III: Courts
Chapter 7: The Courts and Judiciary
Introduction: The Court Process
Federal and State Court Systems
Court Congestion and the Consequences
Specialized and Problem-Solving Courts
Diversity in the Judiciary
Court Administration and Management
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 8: The Prosecution, Defense, and Pretrial Activities
Introduction: Actors and Procedures in the Courtroom
After the Arrest: Charging the Defendant
Discovery, Motions, and Scheduling
Diversity and Pretrial Events
Technology in the Courtroom
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 9: The Criminal Trial and Sentencing
Introduction: The Criminal Trial and Sentencing
A Special Criminal Trial: Capital Cases
Victims of Crime and the Criminal Trial
Critical Thinking Matters
Part IV: Corrections
Chapter 10: Correctional Responses in the Community
Introduction: Corrections in the Community
The History of Corrections in the Community in the United States
Contemporary Use of Corrections in the Community
Goals of Correctional Responses in the Community
Types of Correctional Responses in the Community
Effectiveness of Corrections in the Community
Diversity in Community Corrections
Technology and Community Corrections
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 11: Institutional Corrections
Introduction: Institutional Corrections
Historical Perspectives in Institutional Corrections
Current Perspectives in Institutional Corrections
Contemporary Jails and Lockups
Technology and Institutional Corrections
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 12: Prison Life and Life After Prison
Introduction: Living in Prison
Classification Systems and Solitary Confinement
Life After Prison: Parole and Reentry
Critical Thinking Matters
Part V: Beyond The Basics
Chapter 13: The Juvenile Justice System
Introduction: The Juvenile Justice System
Juvenile Justice: A Brief History
Establishing Juvenile Rights
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System
Steps in the Juvenile Justice System
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 14: Exploring Specialized and Topical Issues
Introduction: Overview of Specialized and Topical Issues
Terrorism and Homeland Security
Domestic Human and Sex Trafficking
Hate Crimes and Bias-Motivated Crimes
A Focus on Violence Against Specific Populations: #MeToo and Violence Against College Students
Critical Thinking Matters
Appendix: The Bill of Rights
Glossary
Notes
Index