The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine (OJSM), developed by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), is a global, peer-reviewed, open access journal that combines the interests of researchers and clinical practitioners across orthopaedic sports medicine, arthroscopy, and knee and shoulder arthroplasty.

Topics include original research in the areas of:

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, including surgical and nonsurgical treatment of orthopaedic sports injuries
Arthroscopic Surgery (Shoulder/Elbow/Wrist/Hip/Knee/Ankle/Foot)
Relevant translational research
Sports traumatology/epidemiology
Knee and shoulder arthroplasty

The OJSM also publishes relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

EDITORIAL:
Read the first Editorial Open Access for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, written by Editor-in-Chief Bruce Reider, MD and Associate Editors Drs. Allen F. Anderson and Mark E. Steiner.

OJSM FAQs:
Find out more about OJSM, read the OJSM FAQs.

Editorial Board:
The OJSM editorial board members hail from over 30 different countries. This map recognizes a global presence by highlighting the locations of our distinguished editorial board in red.

Abstract Supplements:
OJSM accepts meeting and poster abstracts from partner societies for publication in the Journal. Click here for submission details.

Submit your manuscript today at https://submit.ojsm.org/.

The aim of OJSM is to provide a truly international source of high-quality peer-reviewed clinical research, relevant basic and translational research, and review articles.

Topics include original research in the areas of:

Orthopaedic sports medicine, including surgical and nonsurgical treatment of orthopaedic sports injuries
Arthroscopic surgery (shoulder/elbow/wrist/hip/knee/ankle/foot)
Relevant translational research
Sports traumatology/epidemiology
Knee and shoulder arthroplasty

OJSM also publishes relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses as well as consensus statements and scientific meeting abstracts of affiliated societies.

Editor-in-Chief

Bruce Reider, MD

University of Chicago, AOSSM, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Associate Editors

Julian Feller, MB, BS (Hons)	OrthoSport Victoria, Richmond, VIC 3124, Australia
Donald C. Fithian, MD	Torrey Pines Orthopaedic Medical Group, San Diego, California, USA
Keith Kenter, MD	Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
Daniel C. Wascher, MD	University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Ivan Ho-Bun Wong, MD, FRCS(C), MACM, Dip. Sports Med	Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Assistant Editor for Social Media

Douglas A. Evans, MD

Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA

Board of Trustees

Stephen F. Brockmeier, MD	University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Charles A. Bush-Joseph, MD	Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Lutul D. Farrow, MD	Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Frank Winston Gwathmey Jr, MD	University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Mark D. Miller, MD	University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Martha Meaney Murray, MD	Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Bruce Reider, MD	University of Chicago, AOSSM, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Kurt P. Spindler, MD	Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Beth Shubin Stein, MD	Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
Dean C. Taylor, MD	Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Edward M. Wojtys, MD	University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

Editorial Staff

Elizabeth Johnson	Editorial Administrator
Renee Zagozdon	Editorial Coordinator

Editorial Board Representatives

Camilo Helito, MD, PhD, Prof	Brazilian Knee Surgery Society (SBCJ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Kristoffer Barfod, MD, PhD	Danish Association of Sports Medicine (DIMS)
Tahsin Beyzadeoglu, MD	Istanbul, Turkey
Nicolaas C. Budhiparama	Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Department of Vocational Studies, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Philippe Clavert, MD, PhD	Francophone Arthroscopy Society (SFA)
Benno Ejnisman, MD	Brazilian Society for Arthroscopy and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (SBRATE)
Deepak Goyal, MBBS, MS, DNB	Ahmedabad, India
Chul-Won Ha, MD, PhD	Korean Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (KOSSM)
Adel Hamed, MD	Egyptian Arthroscopy Association (EGAA)
Camilo Helito ,MD, PhD	Brazilian Knee Surgery Society (SBCJ)
Yinghui Hua, MD, PhD	Shanghai, China
Christian Lattermann, MD	Society for Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery (AGA)
Lance E. LeClere, MD	Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons (SOMOS)
Alberto E. Martínez Trillos, MD	Columbian Association of Arthroscopic Surgery (ACCART)
Andri Maruli Tua Lubis, MD, PhD	Indonesian Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy (IOSSMA)
Hideo Matsumoto, MD, PhD	Japanese Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (JOSSM)
Juan D. Ayala Mejías, MD, PhD	Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology (SETRADE)
Mauro Minig, MD	Argentine Association for Sports Traumatology (AATD)
Philipp Niemeyer, MD, PhD	German Knee Society- Deutsche Kniegesellschaft (DKG)
Pericles P. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD	Greek Association of Arthroscopy Knee Surgery and Sports Injuries (GAA)
Mark V. Paterno, PT, PhD, MBA, SCS, ATC	Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine Society (PRiSM)
Attila Pavlik, MD, PhD	Hungarian Arthroscopy Association (HAA)
Simon N.J. Roberts, MA, BM Bch, FRCS (Ortho) FFSEM(UK)	British Orthopaedic Sports Trauma and Arthroscopy Association (BOSTAA)
Daniel Slullitel, MD	Argentine Arthroscopy Association (AAA)
Anders Stålman, MD, PhD	Swedish Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine (SFAIM)
Allison Tucker, MD, MSc, FRCS(C)	Arthroscopy Association of Canada (AAC)
Alex Vaisman, MD	Latin American Society of Arthroscopy, Knee, and Sports (SLARD)
Christopher Vertullo, MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA	Australian Knee Society (AKS)
Stefano Zaffagnini	Italian Society of Knee Arthroscopy, Sports, Cartilage, and Orthopaedic Technology (SIGASCOT)

Editorial Board

Rene J. Abdalla, MD, PhD	Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Ashraf Abdelkafy, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Georgina Allen, MD	Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; St. Lukes Radiology, Ltd, Oxford, United Kingdom
Markus P. Arnold, MD, PhD	Professor, LEONARDO - Physicians for Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Surgery, Hirslanden Klinik Birshof, Münchenstein/Basel, Switzerland
Miguel A. Ayerza MD, PhD	Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Maurice Balke, MD	Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Cologne Merheim Medical Center, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
Knut Beitzel, MA, MD	München, Germany
Roland M. Biedert, MD	Professor, Sportclinic Villa Linde, Biel, Switzerland
Patrick M. Birmingham, MD	Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Chicago, IL, USA
Leslie J. Bisson, MD	June A. and Eugene R. Mindell, MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Orthopaedics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Amherst, NY, USA
Melbourne D. Boynton, MD	Vermont Orthopaedic Clinic, Rutland, VT, USA
Matthew Brick, MBchB, FRACS(Ortho)	Millennium Institute of Sport and Health, Auckland, New Zealand
Stephen F. Brockmeier, MD	University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Daniel D. Buss, MD	Sports and Orthopaedic Specialists, Edina, MN, USA
E. Lyle Cain, Jr, MD	American Sports Medicine Institute, Andrews Sports Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
Michael R. Carmont, MBBS, FRCS(Tr&Orth)	Telford, UK
Mark G. Clatworthy, MBChB, FRACS	Department of Orthopaedics, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
Brian J. Cole, MD, MBA	Chicago, IL, United States
James A. Cooper, PhD	MATTER, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Andrew J. Cosgarea, MD	Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chief, Division of Sports Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Magali Cucchiarini, PhD	Associate Professor, Molecular Biology, Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Homburg/Saar, Germany
David Henri DeJour, MD	Director, Lyon-Ortho-Clinic, Lyon, France
Juan M. Del Castillo, MD	Clínica de Traumatología y Ortopedia de la Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
Clayton Del Prince, MD	Clinical Assistant Professor, UBMD Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Buffalo, NY, USA
Aman Dhawan, MD	Asociate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
David R. Diduch, MD, MS	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health Systems, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Lee H. Diehl, MD	Durham, North Carolina, USA
Jeffrey R. Dugas, MD	American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA
Mohammed ElAttar, MBBCH, MD	Lecturer of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Julian A. Feller, FRACS	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Giuseppe Filardo, MD, PhD	Bologna, Italy
Daniel Tik-Pui Fong, PhD	School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
Niklaus F. Friederich, MD	Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Charles J. Gatt, Jr, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Somerset, NJ, USA
Robin M. Gehrmann, MD	Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, North Jersey Orthopaedic Group, Millburn, NJ, USA
C. David Geier, Jr, MD	Sports Medicine Specialists of Charleston, Mount Pleasant, SC, USA
Anastasios D. Georgoulis, MD	Professor, Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
Alberto Gobbi, MD	O.A.S.I. Bioresearch Foundation, Gobbi NPO, Milan, Italy
Andreas H. Gomoll, MD	New York, NY, United States
Stefan H. Greiner, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
Yong-Chan Ha, MD	Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Javad Hashemi, PhD	Professor and Chair, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
Sherwin S.W. Ho, MD	Professor and Director of Sports Medicine Fellowship, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Shuji Horibe, MD, PhD	Habikino, Japan
Ali Hosseini, PhD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Michael Hulstyn, MD	Providence, RI, United States
Andreas B. Imhoff, MD	Munich, Germany
Mary Lloyd Ireland, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, University of Kentucky Healthcare, Lexington, KY, USA
Alan Ivkovic, MD, PhD	Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
Morgan H. Jones, MD, MPH	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Bernhard Jost, MD	Professor, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Lee D. Kaplan, MD	Division of Sports Medicine, Lennar Foundation Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
Miguel A. Khoury, MD	Hudson, Argentina
Nobuto Kitamura, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Gunnar Knutsen, MD, PhD	Consultant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital North Norway, Tromso, Norway
Masahiko Kobayashi, MD, PhD	Kyoto, Japan
Mininder S. Kocher, MD, MPH	Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Jason Lee Koh, MD	Evanston, IL, USA
Lars Konradsen, MD	Consultant, Bispebjerg Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Urho M. Kujala, MD, PhD	Professor, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
L. Daniel Latt, MD, PhD	Tucson, Arizona, USA
Stephen E. Lemos, MD, PhD	President/Chair, DMC Sports Medicine, Director, Center for Education and Research, and Program Director, DMC Sports Medicine Fellowship, DMC Sports Medicine Institute, Warren, MI, USA; Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medic
Michael Leunig, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland
Jit-Kheng Lim, MBBCh, FRCSEd, FRCSGlasg, FRCSEd(Orth), MSportMed	Singapore, Singapore
Martin Lind, MD, PhD	Professor, Division of Sports Trauma, Department of Orthopaedics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Umile Giuseppe Longo, MD	Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Olaf Lorbach, MD, PhD	Lorsch, Germany
Hsiao-Li Ma, MD	Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Robert A. Magnussen, MD, MPH	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Michael Maloney, MD	Rochester, New York, USA
Rodrigo Mardones, MD	Clinica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
Robert G. McCormack, MD, FRCSC	Professor, Department of Orthopedics, University of British Columbia, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
Dominik C. Meyer, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Charles Milgrom, MD	Professor, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Kai Mithoefer, MD	Harvard Medical School, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
Yu Mochizuki, MD	Director, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
Takeshi Muneta, MD, PhD	Director, National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
Martha Meaney Murray, MD	Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Timothy D. Noakes, OMS, MBChB, MD, DSc, PhD (hc)	Emeritus Professor, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Barry W. Oakes, MBBS, MD	Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cheltenham Sports Medicine Clinic, Cheltenham, Victoria, Australia
Hiroshi Ohuchi, MD	Department of Sports Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa-shi, Japan
Sam Oussedik, BSc, MBBS, FRCS(Tr&Orth)	London, UK
Jin-Young Park, MD, PhD	Director, Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine, Neon Orthopaedic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
David A. Parker, MD	Sydney Orthopaedic Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Associate Professor, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Halit Pinar, MD	Izmir, Turkey
Leo A. Pinczewski, FRACS	Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Mater Hospital, Wollstonecraft, Australia
Pietro Randelli, MD	Professor, Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini, Milan, Italy
Jan Harald Røtterud, MD	Consultant, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Holter, Norway
J. R. Rudzki, MD	Clinical Faculty, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
Michell Ruiz-Suarez, MD, PhD	National Rehabilitation Centre, CDMX, Mexico
Patrick Sadoghi, MD, PhD, MBA	Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Jose Antonio San Juan, MD	Cebu Orthopaedic Institute, Cebu City, Philippines
Mikel Sanchez, MD	Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Ina Shaw, PhD	Research Fellow, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
Orrin H. Sherman, MD	New York, NY, USA
Rogerio T. Silva, MD, PhD	Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, NEO Sports Medicine Center, São Paulo, Brazil
Michael Simoni, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Samaritano, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Robert Smigielski, MD	Head, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Department, "Mirai" Institute for Orthopaedic and Physiotherapy, Warsaw, Poland; International Institute for Orthopaedic Research, MIBO Foundation, Warsaw, Poland
Matthew V. Smith, MD	Washington University, Chesterfield, MO, USA
David H. Sonnabend, MD	Professor, Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
Bertrand Sonnery-Cottet, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre Orthopedique Santy, Lyon, France
David Stoller, MD	National Director of Orthopaedic Imaging, RadNet, San Francisco, CA, USA
Steven J. Svoboda, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keller Army Community Hospital, West Point, NY, USA
István Szabó, MD, PhD, MedHabil	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaposi Mor Teaching Hospital, Kaposvar, Hungary
Timothy N. Taft, MD	Chapel Hill, NC, United States
Dean C. Taylor, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Samir G. Tejwani, MD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, USA
James Van den Bogaerde, MD	University of California-Davis, Granite Bay, CA, USA
Willem M. Van Der Merwe, MD	Department of Sports Sciences Orthopaedic Clinic, Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
Peter C. M. Verdonk, MD, PhD	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Antwerp OrthoCenter, Antwerp, Belgium
Matjaz Veselko, MD, PhD	Professor, Department of Traumatology, Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Darius G. Viskontas, MD, FRCSC	Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Columbian Hospital, University of British Columbia, New Westminster, BC, Canada
Michael L. Voight, PT, DHSc, OCS, SCS, ATC, FAPTA	Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Eric Wall, MD	Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
W. Angus Wallace, FRCS(Ed&Eng), FRCSEd(Orth), FFSEM(UK-Hon)	Emeritus Professor, Department of Academic Orthopaedics, Trauma & Sports Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
Michael Wettstein, MD	Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Institut de Traumatologie et d'Orthopédie du Léman Suisse, Genolier, Switzerland
Daniel B. Whelan, MD	Department of Orthopaedics, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
Brian R. Wolf, MD, MS	Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA

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